Evaluation of abalone β-glucuronidase substitution in current urine hydrolysis procedures.

Comparison of Species-Specific β-Glucuronidase Hydrolysis of Cannabinoids in Human Urine

Enzymic Digestion of Biological Specimens for Drug Analysis.

In the first part of this paper, procedures using β-glucuronidase for the analysis of drug conjugates in urine are reviewed and compared to the more classical techniques of acid hydrolysis. Morphine-3-β-D-glucuronide is one of the most commonly encountered drug conjugates that may be either acid hydrolyzed or enzyme hydrolyzed to yield free morphine. Because of its rapidity of method and high y...

Buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine determination by GC/MS in putrefied biological samples: evaluation of a buprenorphine related death

Introduction: Deaths related to buprenorphine are rarely discovered in Italy. This paper describes a case report regarding a young marine that was found dead, in an advanced state of decomposition, in which buprenorphine/nor-buprenorphine (BUP/norBUP) are identified and quantified by GC/MS. Material and methods: BUP/norBUP were extracted from hair and from putrefied samples after acid hydrolysi...

The hydrolysis of steroid glucuronides with calf spleen glucuronidase.

It has long been recognized that the relatively severe acid hydrolysis necessary to release steroids from their conjugates in urine may result in considerable losses or transformations (3, 4). The isolation of steroid glucuronides (5-7) and of steroid sulfates (8, 9) from human urines has led to the belief that most, if not all, of the urinary steroid conjugates exist as glucuronides or as sulf...

A Method for the Rapid Hydrolysis of Urinary Glucuronoside Metabolites of Testosterone.

..A.LMOST ALL the neutral urinary 17-ketosteroids are conjugated with either sulfuric or glucuronic acids. These conjugates can be cleaved by strong acids at elevated temperatures (1), or by solvolysis in either ethyl acetate or tetrahydrohiran, each containing perchioric acid (2). Selective hydrolysis of steroid-glucuronosicles is achieved with $-glucuromi_ idase, although in some 1i1#{149}ill...